ARPANET Essay Example For Students

ARPANET Essay The USSR dispatches Sputnik, the main fake earth satellite. In the late 1960s the U.S. military was urgently scared of an atomic assault from the Soviet Union. The United States shaped the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) inside the Department of Defense to build up a bombproof system to associate army installations. ARPANETs physical system was built up in 1969 to empower colleges and exploration associations to trade data openly. The initial two hubs that framed the ARPANET were UCLA and the Stanford Research Institute, not long after the University of Utah was added to ARPANET. The Network Control Protocol (NCP) was at first utilized as the ARPANET convention, starting in 1970. By 1971, a sum of 23 hosts at 15 areas were associated with the ARPANET. The next year, the main global associations happened, connecting the University College of London (UK) and the Royal Radar Establishment (Norway) to the ARPANET. The way ARPANET was set up is so that in the event that one of th e system joins got disturbed by adversary assault, the traffic on it could naturally be rerouted to different connections. Luckily, the Net seldom has gone under adversary assault. During the 1970s, ARPA likewise supported further investigation into the uses of bundle exchanging advances. This included stretching out parcel changing to ships adrift and ground versatile units and the utilization of radio for bundle exchanging. Ethernet was made over the span of examination into the utilization of radio for bundle exchanging, and it was discovered that coaxial link could bolster the development of information at amazingly quick paces. The advancement of Ethernet was essential to the development of neighborhood systems. The accomplishment of ARPANET made it hard to oversee, especially with the huge and developing number of college destinations on it. So it was broken into two sections. The two sections comprised of MILNET, which had the military locales, and the new, littler ARPANET, w hich had the nonmilitary destinations. On January 1,1983, each machine associated with ARPANET needed to utilize TCP/IP. TCP/IP turned into the center Internet convention and supplanted NCP (old ARPANET language) totally. On account of TCP/IP MILNET and ARPANET stayed associated through a specialized plan called IP (Internet Protocol); which empowers traffic to be directed starting with one system then onto the next as essential. All the systems associated with the Internet speak IP, so they all can trade messages. Despite the fact that there were just two systems around then, IP was intended to take into account a huge number of systems. An irregular reality about the IP configuration is that each PC on an IP organize is similarly as fit as some other, so any machine can speak with some other machine. In 1985 the National Science Foundation started declaring plans for its new T1 lines, which would be done by 1988. Not long after the fruition of the T1 spine, traffic expanded so rapidly that plans quickly started on redesigning the system once more. That year the idea of the T3, a 45 Mbps was acquainted with the general population. While the T3 lines were being built, the Department of Defense disbanded the ARPANET and the T1 and later T3 spine supplanted ARPANET. The first 50Kbs lines of ARPANET were removed from administration. In 1990 ARPANET was supplanted by the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET), a similar organization that established the t1 and t3, to interface its supercomputers to local systems. As I would like to think I figure the legislature worked superbly in building up the Internet. Basically, the ARPANET can be seen as the undeveloped organism from which the Internet developed. The legislature cultivated and energized the development of private Internet e nterprises. Today the Internet ranges over every one of the 7 landmasses and interfaces the entire world with certain snaps of a mouse and composing at the console. .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .postImageUrl , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:visited , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:active { border:0!important; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:active , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover { murkiness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-improvement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u6152f7d4116dc 3fa3a798365119ce52f .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Theme Of Inherit The Wind EssayBibliography:BibliographyBooks1.)Casting the Net: From Arpanet to Internet and Beyond (Unix and Open Systems Series) Peter H. Salus/Paperback/Published 1995 2.) Building the Arpanet: Unpublished Source Documents of the FirstPeter Salus(Editor)/Hardcover/Published 1998

Ambition free essay sample

An aspiration is an enthusiastic, and in some cases an exorbitant, want for creation, respect, domination, power, or the fulfillment of something. Each individual is said to have their abnormal desire. One may have dream to be rich, or having a manor. On the opposite side, one needs to get well known, a researcher or a specialist. So also, I have too my own aspiration. I don’t need to get well off; I don’t need to get any popularity. My point of life is extremely basic and it is to serve destitute individuals who are not getting enough to make due in this world with my entire existence. It’s said to be that individual can be decided from what he needs to get in his life; and how he gets it; clearly it’s his desire of life. There is one colloquia saying about aspiration in life is that an individual with no desire in life resembles a boat without a rudder who has no goal. I am truly supporting this statement. We are never likely advised to cross a scaffold until and except if we go to an extension, however this is the world where desire assist us with intersection that connect quicker than others. A few people think desire and dreams is equivalent. Be that as it may, there is a flimsy divider among desire and dreams. Aspiration for the most part characterized as someone having a craving, an a lot more grounded feeling than a fantasy. A fantasy is something that we can typically get without attempting a lot toward to accomplish it. Aspiration is the powers that keep us working and causes us to go ahead in our life. Its the super vitality which empowered me when I was confronting an issue in the way of my objective. There is just a single method to accomplish any point: basically pushing ahead with constant improvement and energetic persevering and, clearly, with genuineness nd devotion to accomplish it. Having aspiration is Just insufficient. One must need to do constant exertion to accomplish it. Possibly there is some impediment, however it very well may be defeated uniquely without anyone else regard and a powerful urge to accomplish that aspiration. In the event that somebody is just staring off into space and just arranging as opposed to following up on that, its liable to get only being at same spot when where an individual was once. Since I went to the U. S. from India at puberty, Im getting a charge out of helping other people regardless of who he/she is. I have my conclusion that in the event that one will help other people to accomplish his all consuming purpose, the person sick eventually accomplish their objective. I might want to express my own model here. Sometime in the distant past when I was in India, I had planned to set up a Non-Government association (NGO) that attempts to help ghetto childrens training just as to contradict kid work who works at manufacturing plants and Tea slows down. I began that by presenting my idea with my companion and family. What's more, it was truly valued by every one of them just as I got loads of proposal from them. At that point we intended to compose one occasion in which we had chosen to go to a ghetto and destitute individuals, we asked them their roblems, what is the explanation behind not sending their kid to class and we attempted to comprehend them at all levels. What's more, by thinking about that all viewpoints we chose to concede a portion of the kids in school with of our budgetary obligation and furnish them with fundamental necessities. We additionally presented one plan in which we had granted the most three capable Children. Furthermore, gave them grant to rest of his their advanced education. We taced numerous issues during the beginning stage as we needed to work with unskilled individuals, complete customs for their affirmation and in any astonishing territories for which we didnt think to be occur. All things considered, we had defeated those whole troubles with cheerful moods, moving sending by keeping vision before eye and unquestionably with the assistance of all NGO individuals. Presently day, its working with full vitality. There are numerous understudies getting advantage from this NGO and achieving their aspiration which is one of my desire. It gives us more motivation when understudies come to us and offer their encounters of life. They are a piece of our NGO now and furthermore working effectively. One of best outside model I can tate is about Mahatma Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi: Always focus on complete agreement of thought and word and deed. Continuously target cleansing your contemplations and everything will be well (#2988 from Laura Moncurs Motivational Quotations). He had vision of free India. He was an unhitched male of low alumni. He thought serve to nation rather than become well off. Mahatma was savvy enough to win significantly more cash by his capability yet he picked nation over cash. This is the most significant thing which moves to me toward accomplishing my aspiration. He accomplished his objective by confronting ots of challenges in his manner. A few circumstances were exceptionally normal to deal with however he didnt bargain with circumstance. Rather than this, he comprehended that condition well overall and confronted that with extraordinary greatness, energy, fearlessness and appropriate arranging. In William Shakespeares Macbeth, one can perceive how desire can accompany one to cataclysmic impacts if our goal is reached by cheating. For the most part, concentrating on an off-base point appears to cause to an extreme degree a lot of ensured harm to connections and to themselves. Macbeths desire is to become lord. As a general rule, he ought to have won this respect with genuineness . Be that as it may, Instead of getting all the rights with deference; he has taken it by duping others. It may not acknowledged by any individual thus it occurred with Macbeth. He didnt get fulfillment however it might cause abuse, prompting business as usual. When one is caught into this relentless chain, the likelihood of getting out is with a ton of battle. Macbeth: miet I do fear thy nature. It is too full the milk of human benevolence. Thou wouldst be incredible, Art not without aspiration, yet The disease ought to go to it. (l. v. 16-20). Aspiration is a powerful urge to do or accomplish something. Want for progress, riches, distinction. There is no any impediment which can prevent us from accomplishing what we have expected to get throughout everyday life. Our solitary impediment is ourselves, and the degree of our capacity to separate between a fulfilling and crushing point. On the off chance that one can see it, one can accomplish it. In the event that you can dream it, you can become it. Dont take a thought, however utilize your own, and regardless of what street you take, you will wind up where you needed to be. Indeed I can be! I can accomplish any desire in my life regardless of how hard the circumstance will be!

AlfredMarshall free essay sample

Gracefully and Demand Simulation ECO/365 March 10, 2014 Ed Hartmann, D. B. A Supply and Demand Simulation Microeconomics and Macroeconomics In the reproduction the flexibly and request was influenced because of the diminishing of the lease so as to bring down the opportunity rate and increment the income for the rental organization. This is thought of as a transitory fix on a month to month rent premise and furnishes us with a genuine case of what microeconomics is. At the point when another organization chose to move into town and increment the populace just as increment the quantity of employments gives us another genuine case of microeconomics. Since the populace expanded and the occupations expanded methods the rental rates are expanded also so as to react to the expansion sought after. The reenactment likewise indicated that individuals who were working in Atlantis were living in urban communities outside of town in light of the fact that the lease was less there, this is a case of macroeconomics. We will compose a custom paper test on AlfredMarshall or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The administration chose to assume responsibility for the circumstance by putting a roof of $1550 every month for a 2 room condo all together for white collar class families to have the option to bear to live inside the city that they work in which is another case of macroeconomics. Due to the roof being put on the investment properties it made the rental organization just lease a part of their condos with the goal that they would have the option to make a type of benefit in light of the expense of upkeep. Move of Supply and Demand Curve The reenactment gave us that when the new organization moved into town expanding the populace the flexibly bend moved down in light of the fact that the gracefully of the two-room lofts wound up diminishing. Since the populace developed inside the town the interest bend expanded. Breaking down the Shift At the point when the expansion popular happens this implies the amount request is bigger than the amount provided from the underlying balance, which likewise implies that there is an impermanent lack in the market. At the point when the organization expanded the rental rate because of the interest expanding, the amount request diminished and the amount provided expanded, in kind there was a decrease deficiency that happened. The organization should keep on making alterations until the harmony is fulfilled between the new need bend and the underlying flexibly bend. At the point when the organization arrived at another balance, the rental rate was higher than it was previously, and in this way the quantity of lofts that were requested and provided were expanded (University of Phoenix, 2003). Applying What We Learned In Our Workplace Supply and request in my working environment depends on our clients and what they require. Probably the greatest client is the legislature primarily the military. For our organization when our nation isn't at war or securing another nation then the interest for our item is low. The interest for our items helps different territories, for example, law requirement yet the administration holds a large portion of the interest of item. At the point when the interest is low our organization should decrease our headcount so as to keep steady over the game. End In microeconomics the flexibly and request depends on both the contenders and the expense. At the point wherein the offering is done is alluded to as the balance. Macroeconomics gave us that when the employments and populace were expanded the expansion or abatement on the lofts happens. The balance is higher than it was previously and hence the quantity of condos that were requested and provided expanded too. The value flexibility of interest influences a consumer’s buying and the firm’s estimating procedure when the costs for condos were lower and the interest was higher. Due to this the costs were expanded because of the interest of condos required. Be that as it may, in light of the fact that the costs of the lofts expanded the interest for condos diminished or remained the equivalent over a brief timeframe. I can't help thinking that gracefully and request is similar to managing the securities exchange. At the point when the interest is incredible you increment the costs to make large benefits, anyway when the interest is brought than the costs decline down to ensure that the organization will come out in any event even at long last. References University of Phoenix. (2003). Applying Supply and Demand Simulation [Multimedia]. Recovered from University of Phoenix, eco365 site. College of Phoenix. (2003). Applying Supply and Demand Simulation [Multimedia]. Recovered from University of Phoenix, eco365 site.

Steam engine essays

Steam motor articles In 1698 an incredible creator named, Thomas Savery made the principal steam motor. He was taking a shot at an issue siphoning water out of coalmines. This machine he utilized comprised of shut vessel loaded up with water which was made into steam. It constrained the water upward and out of the mine. It made some like a vacuum and sucked more water out a base valve. Afterwards he began to work with Thomas Newcomen on a barometrical steam motor. Later on in 1748 John Schuylers copper mine utilized the principal steam motor in America. Flooding shut down the mine in Passaic, New Jersey. Schuyler paid Jonathan Hornblower 1000 pounds to send him a steam motor and mechanics to set it up from Britain. So in 5 years the motor showed up in 1753. The footing motor is the primary kind of motor utilized in the fields in Britain. Yet, they were not self moved at this point so they should have been pulled by ponies. They were utilized for the homestead hardware and to work sawmills. In the twentieth century they were as yet utilized. The vehicles were made with bigger steam motors for overwhelming haulage. They additionally had a 3-speed outfitting and sprung on both front and back axles. When voyaging longer there was an enormous water tank under the vehicle. The motors could pull as much as 120 tons. There were additionally tractors that were well known pulling timber and the motors were less then 5 tons. The most famous tractor was the Garret 4CD. Mining engineer Richard Trevithick of Cornwall constructed the main self-moving motor. He dedicated his entire like of improving the steam motor and other motor manufacturers were Aveling, Burrell, Clayton, Fower, and Garrett. Thomas Savery was an English military specialist who was the primary innovator of the steam motor and got the thought from Denis Papins pressure cooker. Some of Saverys creation was the odometer for ships, a gadget that deliberate separation voyaged Thomas Newcomen was an English smithy concocted the air steam motor. ... <!

The Triumphant Reign of Henry the Viii-V02

â€Å"Alexandru Ioan Cuza† National College Specialization: Philology †Bilingual English Discipline: English The triumphant rule of Henry the VIII Coordinating Professors: Mariana Gaiu Sorina Soaica Student: Irina Stan 2011 Contents Introduction2 1. Social foundation of the age3 2. Henry VIII9 2. 1 Henry VIII’s character10 2. 2 Cardinal Wolsey11 2. 3 Henry VIII and Christianity12 a)Popular strict idealism12 b)Christian Humanism and the impact of Greek learning14 2. 4 Henrician Reformation16 a)Henry VIII’s first divorce16 )Supreme leader of the Ecclesia Anglicana18 c)The disintegration of the strict houses20 2. 5 The wedding experiences of Henry VIII22 2. 6 An expansion of English hegemony23 a)The Union of England and Wales23 b)Tudor Irish policy24 c)The need to control Scotland25 Conclusions28 Bibliography29 Introduction The age of the Tudors has left its effect on Anglo-American personalities as a watershed in British history. Blessed custom, local energy, and post supreme melancholy have joined to grow our valuation for the period as a genuine brilliant age.Names alone bring out a phoenix-shine †Henry VIII, Elizabeth I, and Mary Stuart among the sovereigns of England and Scotland; Wolsey, William Cecil, and Leicester among the legislators; Marlowe, Shakespeare, Hilliard, and Byrd among the inventive craftsmen. The brilliant qualities of the Court of Henry VIII, the courage of Sir Thomas More, the creation of the English Bible, Prayer Book, and Anglican Church, the improvement of Parliament, the destruction of the Armada, the Shakespearian second, and the inheritance of Tudor residential engineering †there are the undoubted peaks of a rearranged universality in which virtuoso, sentiment, and disaster are superabundant.Reality is unavoidably progressively mind boggling, not so much captivating, but rather more fascinating than fantasy. The most strong powers inside Tudor England were regularly social, monetary, and segment on es. In this manner if the period turned into a brilliant age, it was essentially in light of the fact that the extensive development in populace that happened among 1500 and the passing of Elizabeth I didn't so hazardously surpass the limit of accessible assets, especially food supplies, as to accelerate a Malthusian emergency. Starvation and sickness certainly upset and upset the Tudor economy, however they didn't demolish it to its establishments, as in the fourteenth century.More decidedly, the expanded labor and request that sprang from rising populace animated monetary development and the commercialization of agribusiness, supported exchange and urban recharging, enlivened a lodging insurgency, improved the complexity of English habits, particularly in London, and (all the more apparently) reinforced new and energizing mentalities among Tudor Englishmen, remarkably individualistic ones got from Reformation beliefs and Calvinist philosophy. So as to introduce an away from of six teenth century England, we considered portraying Henry VIII reign in a time of flimsiness from the perspective of religion and state limits.The king’s pride, grandiosity, and boundless ability to brood over presumed wrongs, or unimportant insults, sprang from the lethal blend of a moderately capable however particularly secondâ€rate mind and an articulated feeling of inadequacy that got from Henry VII’s treatment of his subsequent child. For the first of the Tudors had discovered his more youthful child inadmissible; on Arthur’s demise, Henry had been given no capacities past the title of Prince of Walesâ€a sign of unquestionable doubt. Therefore, Henry VIII had set out to lead, even where, as on account of the Church, it would have been sufficient simply to reign.He would incorporate monarchic hypothesis; would give the words Rex Imperator an importance never longed for even by the sovereigns of Rome, in the event that he could. Henry was energetic, as we ll, to vanquish to imitate the great triumphs of the Black Prince and Henry V, to journey after the Golden Fleece that was the French Crown. More than once the endeavors of Henry’s increasingly useful councilors were tormented, and toppled, by the king’s battle ready dreams, and by expensive Continental endeavors that squandered men, cash, and equipment.Evaluation is constantly a matter of accentuation, however on the twin issues of monarchic hypothesis and desire for victory, there is everything to be said for the view that Henry VIII’s strategy was reliable all through his rule; that Henry was himself coordinating that approach; and that his pastors and authorities were permitted †opportunity of activity just inside acknowledged cutoff points, and when the ruler was too occupied to even think about taking an individual enthusiasm for state issues. 1. Social foundation of the ageThe matter is easy to refute, however there is a lot to be said for the view t hat England was monetarily more advantageous, increasingly costly, and more hopeful under the Tudors than whenever since the Roman control of Britain. Positively, the stand out from the fifteenth century was sensational. In the hundred or so years before Henry VII became lord of England in 1485, England had been under populated, immature, and internal looking contrasted and other Western nations, prominently France. Her recuperation after the desolates of the Black Death had been moderate †more slow than in France, Germany, Switzerland, and some Italian cities.The procedure of financial recuperation in pre-modern social orders was essentially one of recuperation of populace, and figures will be helpful. Just before the Black Death (1348), the number of inhabitants in England and Wales was somewhere in the range of 4 and 5 millions; by 1377, progressive plaques terrible decreased it to 2. 5 millions. However the figure for England (without Wales) was still no higher than 2. 26 m illions out of 1525, and it is straightforwardly certain that the striking element of England segment history between the Black Death and the rule of Henry VIII is the staleness of populace which continued until the 1520s.However, the development of populace quickly quickened after 1525: Between 1525 and 1541 the number of inhabitants in England became amazingly quick, a noteworthy eruption of extension after long inactivity. This pace of development loosened off fairly after 1541, however the Tudor populace kept on expanding consistently and unyieldingly, with a transitory inversion just in the late 1550s, to arrive at 4. 10 millions of every 1601. What's more, the number of inhabitants in Wales developed from around 210,000 of every 1500 to 380,000 by 1603.While England harvested the products of the recuperation of populace in the sixteenth century, be that as it may, difficult issues of change were experienced. The effect of an abrupt crescendo popular, and weight on accessible a ssets of food and attire, inside a general public that was still overwhelmingly agrarian, was to be as difficult as it might have been, at last, valuable. The confidence of innumerable customary Englishman was to be destroyed irreversibly, and heartlessly, by issues that were too gigantic to even think about being enhanced either by governments or by conventional, ministerial philanthropy.Inflation, theory in land, fenced in areas, joblessness, vagrancy, destitution, and urban foulness were the most poisonous shades of malice of Tudor England, and these were the more extensive side effects of populace development and agrarian commercialization. In the fifteenth century ranch rents had been limited, since occupants were so slippery; rulers had deserted direct misuse of their demesnes, which were rented to inhabitants on positive standing. Rents had been low, as well, on peasants’ standard possessions; work administrations had been driven, and servile villeinage had for all int ents and purposes vanished from the substance of the English scene by 1485.At a similar time, cash compensation had ascended to mirror the compression of the pay work power after 1348, and food costs had fallen in answer to decreased market request. Be that as it may, rising interest after 1500 burst the air pocket of counterfeit flourishing conceived of stale populace. Land hunger prompted taking off rents. Occupants of homesteads and copyholders were removed by business-disapproved of landowners. A few neighboring homesteads would be conjoined, and amalgamated for benefit, by outside financial specialists to the detriment of sitting inhabitants. Peripheral land would be changed over to pasture for increasingly productive sheep-rearing.Commons were encased, and squander land recovered, via proprietors or vagrants, with resulting termination of basic touching rights. The artistic sentiment that the dynamic Tudor land showcase supported another enterprising class of covetous business people granulating the essences of the poor is a distortion. However most would agree that not all landowners, inquirers, and vagrants were altogether trustworthy in their mentality; positively an overwhelming business sector emerged among vendors in flawed titles to land, with coming about badgering of many real occupiers. The best trouble sprang, all things considered, from expansion and unemployment.High horticultural costs gave ranchers solid motivating forces to create crops available to be purchased in the dearest showcases in close by towns, as opposed to for the fulfillment of provincial resource. Rising populace, particularly urban populace, put extreme strain on the business sectors themselves: interest for food frequently overwhelmed flexibly, strikingly in long stretches of poor reaps because of pandemics or terrible climate. In real money terms, farming costs started to rise quicker than modern costs from the earliest starting point of the rule of Henry the VIII, an as cent which quickened as the sixteenth century progressed.Yet in genuine terms, the value rise was much more unstable than it seemed, by all accounts, to be, since populace development guaranteed that work was abundant and modest, and compensation low. The size of the work-power in Tudor England progressively surpassed accessible business openings; normal wages and expectations for everyday comforts declined in like manner. Men (and ladies) were set up to accomplish a day’s work for minimal more than board compensation; physically fit people, huge numbers of whom were laborers uprooted by rising rents or the nook of lodge, floated in waves to the towns in journey of work.The best value record heretofore developed spreads the period 1264

Im A Famous Rockstar

I’m A Famous Rockstar That title is misleading Im famous, and Im a rockstar, but Im not famous for being a rockstar. :-) First, the rockstar bit. We had our CD Release show last week @ Harpers Ferry, which we somehow managed to fill with people. It was AWESOME. A great way to start my mini-vacation (which is where Ive been hiding). So Ive got CDs now; stop by 3-107 if you want to grab one. You guys had me laughing out loud with your comments in the previous entry so hysterical and creative. Reading that thread helped me get over the end-of-vacation blues many thanks. For the record, we were indeed in a viewbook planning session Saad you were right with your first post always trust your first instinct! ;-) Ill post another pic soon for you guys to try to figure out, that was fun. Now the famous part. Last Saturday, the Boston Globe published an op-ed of mine (text here) and I instantly began to receive a ton of email, both good and bad. The good email came from folks who understood that the piece was wholly tongue-in-cheek. The bad email came from angry environmentalists who took the piece a bit too seriously which is ironic since environmental studies was one of my two majors in college. I probably know more about sustainability issues than the people who were writing to berate me. Ive considered myself an environmentalist for over a decade, and if theres one thing Ive learned, its that people generally have no respect for those who preach about the environment in an elitist or antagonistic manner. I returned each email and assured the authors that we were on the same side, but suggested that they might dare to have a sense of humor or whatever it takes to find common ground with the folks with which they wish to connect. Not one of them wrote back. I suppose I should not be surprised. On a related note, Ive been meeting with the environmental studies folks here at MIT to try to give them some increased exposure within the application process. Wow, what a fantastic program. Look for further info in future entries as I learn more, but for now Ill just say that anyone who is interested in sustainability and/or energy issues should *really* consider LFEE at MIT. Its awesome. Hope you guys are having a great summer! -B

Information Security Policy Awareness Case Study - 275 Words

Information Security Policy Awareness Case Study (Case Study Sample) Content: Significance of the Study 1The significance of this study will be to expand on previous knowledge of information security. The study explores information security policy awareness, enforcement, and maintenance in relation to information security program effectiveness. Understanding this relationship will provide knowledge that may allow practitioners to develop more effective information security programs. As a result, this study will assist in mitigating employee noncompliance and potentially reduce the percentage of breaches encountered by organizations.Moreover, reducing the percentage of breaches will eventually minimize the financial burden of organizations due to information security breaches.The results of this study will add to the body of information on information security. Furthermore, the findings should contribute further information on the relationship between information security policy awareness, enforcement, maintenance and information security progra m effectiveness. This added information will provide scholars and practitioners with a profound understanding of the effects that information security policy awareness, enforcement, and maintenance have on information security program effectiveness. The study is especially relevant in the mitigation of employee noncompliance to information security policy because data gathered is from the employees perspective. Therefore, it addresses the relationships between IVs and DVs from the employees point of view. With employees being the weakest link in security programs, this study may provide information that can enhance information security program effectiveness (Knapp Ferrante, 2012).Significance of the Study 2Information security can be achieved through empirical investigation on the implementation of effective organizational Information security program (Hagen, et al.: Herath and Rao). Effective information security program improves information security (Jolmston Hale. 2009). by mai ntaining integrity. confidentiality, and availability, while providing appropriate and consistent information, achieving adequate organizational goals. Effective information security program. utilizes resources efficiently, and implements effective internal control measures that provide reasonable assurance that available control objectives are effective enough to thwart, detect, prevent or correct any threats in a timely manner (Vlsanoiu. Serban, 2010).Information system of today faces more potential security infringement than ever before. The regular susceptibility of data to breaches is a function of systems users disinclination to follow appropriate security measures (Lomo-David. et al. 2011). Mitigating the effect of security breaches requires a strong Information Security Management (ISM) (Ma Sclmiidt Pearson 2009). Many researchers agree that protecting information systems is necessary for an organization to maintain information availability. reliability, and confidentialit y; however, literature on the actions that would best meet IS challenges in developing countries are inadequate.Lack of effective IS program in developing countries is the reason for IS vulnerabilities (Abu-Musa 2010), particularly in Nigerian private and public organizations. .Many businesses are at risk due to emerging security threats, and there are few literatures that address IS program effectiveness. An available literature on IS program effectiveness found that organizations IS policy is a critical document that must address security issues and eventually encourage IS effectiveness (...

North American Industry Classification System Essay

Company Introduction The Neuroleadership Institute (NLI) provides unique brain-based, process-focused, and outcome-driven methodologies and frameworks that help individuals and organizations facilitate positive change and lead more effectively. Organized through three key branches, NLI provides a customized approach to applied neuroscience. The research help organizations transform their effectiveness, with a focus in three practice areas: Performance, Diversity Inclusion, and Learning. (www.neuroleadership.com, n.d.) North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) The industry in which NLI competes is defined as management consulting (NAICS 54161). The role of a management consultant is to provide advisory services to businesses, non-profits and public sector agencies to assist in organizational design, corporate strategy, information technology strategy, marketing and sales and logistics. The primary activities of the industry are administrative and general management consulting services, marketing consulting services, process and logistics consulting services, as well as actuarial, employee benefits and compensation consulting services. The major products and services of the industry are organizational design, corporate strategy, process and operations management, financial advisory, and strategy for human resources, IT and marketing and sales. (Blau, 2016) DOMINANT ECONOMIC TRAITS Market Size According to IBISWorld data, at the end of 2016 the size of theShow MoreRelatedThe North American Industry Classification System Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesThe North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is the standard used by Federal statistical agencies in classifying business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the U.S. business economy. (North American Industry Classification System, n.d.). NAICS is a 2 through 6 digit hierarchical classification system, offering five levels of detail. Each digit in the code is part of a series of progressively narrower categories, and theRead MoreEssay On The North American Industry Classification System733 Words   |  3 Pages North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is the standard used by Federal statistical agencies in classifying business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the U.S. b usiness economy. NAICS was developed under the auspices of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and adopted in 1997 to replace the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. It was developed jointly by the U.S. Economic Classification Policy CommitteeRead MoreThe Industrial Classification to Organize Industries Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesThe term Industrial Classification refers to the system by which companies and industries are organized or classified by in the United States. It uses a label system called the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) that is composed of four digits. This system started in 1937 with a four digit code in which has been modified to a six digit code and renamed to the North America Industry Classification System (NAICS). This system is used by governmental agencies to classify the different industrialRead More ratio analysis Essay950 Words   |  4 Pagessales. The basic source for these ratios is the companys financial statements that contain figur es on assets, liabilities, profits, and losses. Ratios are only meaningful when compared with other information. Since they are often compared with industry data, ratios help managers understand their companys performance relative to that of competitors and are often used to trace performance over time.Ratio analysis can reveal much about a company and its operations. However, there are several pointsRead MoreRatio Analysis Essay996 Words   |  4 Pagesannual sales. The basic source for these ratios is the companys financial statements that contain figures on assets, liabilities, profits, and losses. Ratios are only meaningful when compared with other information. Since they are often compared with industry data, ratios help managers understand their companys performance relative to that of competitors and are often used to trace performance over time.Ratio analysis can reveal much about a company and its operations. However, there are several pointsRead MoreFood And Non Alcoholic Beverages Industry Essay806 Words   |  4 PagesIndustry Background SIC and NAICS An industry as complex as the Food and Non-Alcoholic beverages industry must be coded by organizing smaller sub-categories when referencing the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system and the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). These systems categorize industries using codes to aid in analytical research for Federal statistical agencies. (United States Census Bureau, 2012). A quick search using key words or the actual code will allow theRead MoreMotorcycle Industry Analysis1271 Words   |  6 PagesThe Motorcycle Industry Definition Motorcycles fall into the category called Recreational Vehicle, Motorcycle and Boat Retail Industry. These are companies that retail recreational vehicles, boats, motorcycles, jet skis, and/or related accessories. In Hoover’s classification, based on the North American Industry Classifications System (NAICS) and the older U.S. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, motorcycles fall under a smaller subcategory called Motorcycle, ATV, and PersonalRead MoreEssay Coca Cola External Analysis1380 Words   |  6 PagesExecutive Summary The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code for the Coca-Cola Company is 3121 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012). This NAICS code is used to identify Soft Drink Manufacturing. However, the icon Coca-Cola is not in this industry alone. The data of 2002 identifies 2,908 competitors in this category (U.S. Census Bureau, 2002). This NAICS code encompasses establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing soft drinks and artificially carbonated waters. AlthoughRead MoreBed Breakfast Feasibility Study1545 Words   |  7 PagesBed Breakfast Feasibility Study Business Industry: The business industry I have chosen according to the 2012 NAICS Definition falls under; Accommodation and Food Services- Sector 72 †¢ The Accommodation and Food Services sector comprises establishments providing customers with lodging and/or preparing meals, snacks, and beverages for immediate consumption. The sector includes both accommodation and food services establishments because the two activities are often combined at the same establishmentRead MoreThe Lady Boss: Women in Entrepreneurship and Procurement702 Words   |  3 Pagesare continuing to help in employing people. Women are also becoming active in the entrepreneurship world and they contribute their different style compared to men entrepreneurs. Some women entrepreneurs are confident to thrive in a male-dominated industry while other women entrepreneurs cater to other women and their concerns, needs and wants. In both aspects, women play the game and they have the chance to be successful. Women are slowly taking the path of entrepreneurship and most often make the

Barrer Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, Examples

Summary Of Symbolism In Toni Morrisons Beloved - 882 Words

According to the article, â€Å"Slavery, by the Numbers,† â€Å"The importation of slaves into the United States was banned by Congress [. . .] in 1808, yet by 1860, the nation’s black population had jumped from 400,000 to 4.4 million, of which 3.9 million were slaves,† (Louis Gates Jr. par. 8). The setting in Beloved is Cincinatti, Ohio, in 1873, and ideas of slavery and discrimination are prominent. Toni Morrison uses symbolism, characters’ rationales, and events that mirror history to establish a historical perspective in her novel Beloved. Symbolism is used in Beloved represents historical events. For example, Sethe, one of the main characters in the novel states, â€Å"I got a tree on my back and a haint in my house [. . .] those boys came in there†¦show more content†¦This quote from the novel represents how Sethe’s actions were deeply influenced by the anguish being a slave caused her. Being a slave was so degrading and awful that death seemed like the best way to prevent it from impairing her child. Several events that occur in Beloved mirror situations in history. For example, Sethe states, â€Å"‘My woman? You mean my mother? [. . .] Right on her rib was a circle and a cross burnt right in the skin. She said, ‘This is your ma’am. This,’ [. . . ] ‘I am the only one got this mark now. The rest dead. If something happens to me and you can’t tell me by my face, you can know me by this mark’† (Morrison 60-61). In this quote, Sethe remembers an interaction between her and her mother. Sethe’s mother had been a slave, and she had been branded with hot iron, leaving a circular mark on her rib. According to the article â€Å"The Branding (and Baptism) of Slaves,† the author states, â€Å"The Portuguese began the practice, in Arguin in the l440s, of the carimbo, the branding of a slave with a hot iron, leaving a mark in red on the shoulder, the breast, or the upper arm, so that it was evident that he or she was the prop erty of the king of Portugal, or some other master, and that a proper duty had been paid† (Thomas par. 1). Based on this quote, branding on a person’s skinShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Song of Solomon2983 Words   |  12 Pages Book Title Song of Solomon Author Toni Morrison Summary The first black boy ever born in Mercy Hospital in a town in Michigan comes into the world the day after an insurance agent named Robert Smith kills himself by trying to â€Å"fly† from the roof of the hospital across Lake Superior. The boys mother, Ruth, nurses him until he is eight or nine years old, thus earning him the ridiculous nickname Milkman. Milkman befriends an older boy named Guitar, visits his Aunt Pilate, and falls in love withRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12166 Words   |  49 Pagesretrieval systems without the written permission of the publisher. For complete copyright information on these eNotes please visit: http://www.enotes.com/worn−path/copyright Table of Contents 1. A Worn Path: Introduction 2. Eudora Welty Biography 3. Summary 4. Characters 5. Themes 6. Style 7. Historical Context 8. Critical Overview 9. Essays and Criticism 10. Compare and Contrast 11. Topics for Further Study 12. Media Adaptations 13. What Do I Read Next? 14. Bibliography and Further Reading 15. Copyright Read MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12173 Words   |  49 Pagesretrieval systems without the written permission of the publisher. For complete copyright information on these eNotes please visit: http://www.enotes.com/worn−path/copyright Table of Contents 1. A Worn Path: Introduction 2. Eudora Welty Biography 3. Summary 4. Characters 5. Themes 6. Style 7. Historical Context 8. Critical Overview 9. Essays and Criticism 10. Compare and Contrast 11. Topics for Further Study 12. Media Adaptations 13. What Do I Read Next? 14. Bibliography and Further Reading 15. Copyright

The Criminal Justice System For Two Reasons - 784 Words

Women enter the criminal justice system for two reasons. First, they want to become part of the criminal justice machine and acquire some professional and legal status. Second, they commit a crime and must go to prison. The focus of the present critique is on the study that tested the validity of a prison inmate inventory and its implications for the criminal justice field. The discussed article was published by Degiorgio in the International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology in February 2015. The whole journal was devoted to the analysis of recidivism issues, with a particular emphasis made on its relation to imprisonment. Most researchers in the issue presented their views on how incarceration could expose offenders to the risks of recidivism. Of course, professionals and scholars in criminal justice want to be more confident and sure in their analysis of recidivism, delinquency, and reconviction following imprisonment. This is why the article of choice fits ideally into the context of the present discussion. In his study, Degiorgio (2015) sought to examine the construct and predictive validity of the Prison Inmate Inventory for female inmates. The results of his study can have far-reaching implications for the quality of professional relationships between criminal justice and law enforcement practitioners and female inmates. Unfortunately, the author s credentials in the field of criminal justice remain unknown. However, the researcher hasShow MoreRelatedThe Concepts Of A New Criminal Justice System1695 Words   |  7 Pagesexamine the concepts of a new criminal justice. It will also discuss why the concept requires the involvement of the entire community and why it may be difficult to implement. There will also be information on programs that promote safe neighborhoods and why communities may like and dislike these different programs. A new criminal justice is a theory that has been talked about for plenty of years now. In many cases this theory is to improve the criminal justice system and make it better for not onlyRead MoreThe Three Components Of The Criminal Justice System1323 Words   |  6 PagesIn the criminal justice system, there are many components and rules that everyone must follow. The main three components are law enforcement, courts, and corrections. All three of these components interact with each other at one point or another in the criminal justice system. In the first phase, you have the law enforcement these are people that are looking for the individuals that are breaking the law. According to Smith (2017), â€Å"Law enforcement personnel are also responsible for bringing forthRead MoreCrime, Justice, and Social Control Essay1371 Words   |  6 PagesIs the criminal justice system more effective as a method of bringing the guilty to justice or as a deterrent or a method of social control? It is unanimously agreed that the aim of the criminal justice system is to provide equal justice for all according to the law, by processing of cases impartially, fairly and efficiently with the minimum but necessary use of public resources. It is a complex process through which the state decides which particular forms of behaviour are to be consideredRead MoreExplore the reasons why victim participation creates tension and conflict in the contemporary criminal justice system.1374 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review Explore the reasons why victim participation creates tension and conflict in the contemporary criminal justice system. Introduction The purpose of this literature review is to explore the impact of victim statements in the contemporary criminal justice system and observe how it can create tension and conflict in the courtroom between the victim, and the courts process itself. There are two pieces of literature used as the focal point of this review, they are; Tracey Booth’sRead MoreJuvenile And Juvenile Justice System752 Words   |  4 PagesThe juvenile justice system and criminal justice system also known as the adult justice system is two different systems. The juvenile justice system is children who are under the age of 18 years old. After the age of 18, it is considered to be an adult it will enter through the adult justice system. There ate states that allows youth to stay in the juvenile justice system from age 18 until 21. The main differences between the juvenile justice system and criminal justice system is rehabilitation andRead MoreThe Four Goals Of The Criminal Justice System769 Words   |  4 PagesThe criminal justice system was put into place for several reasons. There are four main goals of the criminal justice system that all work together to improve and maintain justice in society. The criminal justice system aims to protect society by preventing future crimes from h appening and by keeping criminals from committing more crimes. Another goal of this system is to appropriately punish those who commit a crime after it’s been determined that a crime was committed. In addition to punishmentRead MoreThe Wrongful Conviction Of Criminal Justice System1185 Words   |  5 Pagesconviction has occurred even with doing a systematic probe, having with an affirmation and evidence. The most prominent reason why I did research on it was to knowing the critical reasons that why the public entitled into wrongful conviction and even with having a rigid body of criminal justice system and what were the circumstances through which they could not able to get justice. This all convictions leads into a severe effects on the life of the persons who are accidentally associated to crimeRead MoreCriminal Justice System The Criminal Justice System is made up of several different process law900 Words   |  4 PagesCriminal Justice System The Criminal Justice System is made up of several different process law enforcement, judiciary, and corrections this system is where the accused individual are tried and punished for the crime they are charged with. The depiction of criminal justice system in throughout each process (police, courts, and correctional) has become ubiquitous on television today. Shows that give a visual of the arresting and investigation process (law enforcement) are the televisions showsRead MoreCrime Control Model And The Due Process Model1327 Words   |  6 Pages There are two models of the criminal process. The two model of the criminal process are the crime control model and the due process model. Both of these models are bring used in the criminal justice system. The two models give understanding to the values of the criminal law with that in mind these two modes are not absolute. Herbert Packer articulates the values of the criminal justice process between due process which is empha sis on the right of an individual and crime control model seesRead MoreEssay on Technology and Communication in the Criminal Justice System1003 Words   |  5 Pagesnegative effects have occurred from the technology working in our criminal justice system. In this paper we will cover the different options for new technology that helps stop crime. Automated Fingerprint Identification System In the 1980’s there were a lot of unsolved criminal case due to lack of technology in older data bases and the odds of trying to find finger print matches. The Automated Fingerprint Identification System was created and used first in 1984 to solve a big case in the murder

Animal Dissection Free Essays

Animal Dissection: No Longer Cutting Edge American Politics 115-01 Dr. Griffith Chelsea Morrison April 24, 2012 The use of animals in science that results in harm or death has traditionally played an integral role in education. Many thousands of animals have been killed worldwide during attempts to teach practical skills or to demonstrate scientific principles which have, in many cases, been established for decades. We will write a custom essay sample on Animal Dissection or any similar topic only for you Order Now Anatomy and experimental physiology started to be practiced around 300 B. C. Notable scientists like Aristotle, Vesalius and Gale conducted countless scientific studies with the dissection of animals almost every day. If the law permitted, human cadavers were also dissected, but the use of animals in vivisection and dissection was generally less mired in ethical or religious concerns. Like today, animals were dissected not only to learn more about them, but also as surrogates for humans. Though animal and human dissections were used to educate medical students, artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, who wanted to learn to illustrate their subjects with better accuracy, also conducted dissections (Knight). They were also performed simply to illustrate the contents of ancient scientific texts. Later the 1500s, Andreas Vesalius, the founder of modern human anatomy, thought that dissection should be used to correctly teach students about anatomy instead of using illustrations in books, as well as to gain new knowledge (Knight). From this, Vesalius set the foundation for dissection as a teaching and research tool. In the early 1900s, the dissection of animals became more common in biology classes (Knight). Frog dissection was established in college level courses and eventually was taught in high schools. Around 1915, frogs became commercially available for use in education and by the 1920s, many high school classes considered frog dissection routine. A wider variety of animal dissection in high school became widespread after the Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS). The BSCS was a federally-funded initiative in the 1960’s to create a science curriculum for elementary and high school students (Gilmore). Also as a result, more high schools offered advanced biology courses with the dissection of cats, minks, and fetal pigs, and even live animals. In 1998, it was estimated that animal dissection occurred in 75-80% of pre-college level biology classes (Gilmore). Most prevalently today, dissection of such animals is now in college anatomy courses. In fact, each year, an estimated 20 million animals – around 170 or more different species – are used in the U. S. in all areas of education and grade level (Capaldo). In most countries, veterinary students learn surgery through surgical practice on healthy animals and then killed afterwards by the students. It’s these practices that are controversial in veterinary school in concern for animals being harmed. But since harm accrues from any pain or discomfort associated with such procedures, and it disrupts of the animals’ normal life, the dissections are harmful. With student being exposed to the vast amount of animal dissection worldwide, students are exhibiting an opinion being forced on them with no options to oppose dissection. Under the stress of forced dissection, education is also is disheartened. When forced to use animals in ways the student objects to, the student is traumatized and invariably learns less (Capaldo). But there are other options to animal dissection like â€Å"computer simulations, high quality videos, ‘ethically-sourced cadavers,’ such as from animals euthanized for medical reasons, preserved specimens, models and surgical simulators, non-invasive self-experimentation, and supervised clinical experiences†(Knight). Such options have been studied and proven to over and over to benefit both schools, educators and students. In a 2007 study, â€Å"twenty nine papers in which live animal dissection didn’t occur illustrated additional benefits of humane teaching methods in veterinary education† (PETA). These benefits include time and cost savings, enhanced potential for customisation and repeatability of the learning exercise, increased student confidence and satisfaction, increased compliance with animal use legislation, elimination of objections to the use of purpose-killed animals, and integration of clinical perspectives and ethics early in the curriculum. This evidence demonstrates that educators can best serve their students and animals, while minimising financial and time burdens, by introducing humane teaching methods that are not reliant on harmful animal use. Classroom dissection desensitizes students to the sanctity of life. Research has shown that a significant number of students at every educational level are uncomfortable with the use of animals in dissection and experimentation (PETA). Studies also suggest that exposing young people to animal dissection as ‘science’ can foster a callousness toward animals and nature and even dissuade some from pursuing careers in science. (Wadman) Students simply do not need to cut up animals to understand basic anatomy and physiology. In contradicting, students who plan to go into a medical field can do better to study humans in a controlled and supervised setting, examine human cadavers, or use any of the many non-animal learning methods available, such as those provided by computer models and sophisticated simulators. The simulation-based education would more accurately reflect what students will encounter when they get to medical school. This is in consideration that more than 90% of U. S. medical schools have abandoned the use of animals in their standard curricula (Wadman). Yet, despite the benefits, from 1986 to 2007, many academics remain opposed to the use of humane teaching methods (AAVS). I think more students haven’t stood up for their rights to not dissect because they do not even know where the animals are coming from and the process that occur. Pound seizure is a term that not many people are familiar with unless they are against humane animal dissection. Any animal shelter or pound that is located in a state that has a pound-seizure law, must turn over animals who are not claimed within a about five days, to laboratories that ask for them. These animals are then used in animal dissection or experiments and usually the healthiest animals are used for dissection. This presents an uncomfortable situation for families when they learn this because if their cat should run away and is not found for a week, chances are the cat has gone through pound seizure and since it’s a healthy house cat, their child might see her cat in the next dissection lab. Education institutions know this very well and support it because pound seizure provides an inexpensive and easy source of animals and allows educators to continue using animals instead of switching to better and humane alternatives that may require a financial outlay. For example, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center had bought cats for decades from a local animal shelter. They paid fifteen dollars for each cat and used the cats in cruel and deadly medical training exercises and dissections. Cats used had tubes lodged down their throats and needles stabbed into their chests, even though sophisticated simulators were available (City of Odessa). However, after PETA sprang a campaign that uncovered the school’s relationship with the shelter, the school stopped buying animals from the shelter and ended the use of animals in their courses (Hartman). More controversy is spiked from claims that the best educational learning is solely attributable to dissection on animals (Animal-Dissection); this is simply not true. An article published in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine  evaluated the claims and concluded that it was not supported by any evidence (PETA). In fact, most animal dissections are not relevant to human health, don’t add meaningfully to medical advances, and many are done out of sheer curiosity and don’t even hold promise for curing illnesses. People are only under the misapprehension because the media, experimenters, universities and lobbying groups exaggerate the potential of animal dissection to lead to be the only way to learn and how they have helped in past medical advances- as in centuries ago with Galen, which is irrelevant with today’s technology-. In the last presidential election, 2012 midterms and most recent republican primaries, no laws or acts were implemented against animal dissection in education. The obvious reason is because the public is not concerned with the issue and is not being properly informed. In a 2009, a survey of opinions was conducted by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) to a general public of 2,000 adults. The poll reviled that â€Å"59% of the people thought regulations on animal research are not serious at all of an issue and only 27% said it’s a very serious issue†(PRCPP). However, past progress has been made, but it’s minimal. The following states have laws safeguarding students’ rights to choose humane alternatives over dissection without being penalized: Florida, California, Pennsylvania, New York, Rhode Island, Illinois, Virginia, Oregon, New Jersey and Vermont. Currently, student-choice legislation is pending in Connecticut. In Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts and New Mexico the Board of Education have policies, and Louisiana passed a state resolution in 1992. Numerous schools and school boards have also independently enacted student-choice policies because of student-run campaigns. This information relates to Bill of Rights that is frequently discussed in class and what we have learned about one of its ten parts; the freedom of religion, speech, press, right of assembly, petition. PETA itself is a non-profit government organization that despite many people who disagree with their beliefs, still releases revolutionary and controversial articles such as this one because of its right to freedom of speech and press. Hundreds of large, infamous companies have been fined millions, given a bad reputation, and shut down like PLRS because of PETA. I am sure many large research companies that use animal testing, zoo’s, food industry CEO’s and others would like PETA to keep their mouths shut and silence their undercover workers so they can stop sweating through late night anxiety attacks about whether PETA will catch them red handed next. But, because PETA’s work is protected under the Bill of Rights, their beautiful, righteous, revolutionary, jaw-dropping and god-like work can continue to save millions of animals’ lives. I am for the new virtual dissections because of its significantly better educational attributes and it prevents innocent animals from being victims of companies trying to make a quick profit. I would improve animal dissection in education by implementing a law that requires all education institutions to provide students with an option to dissect real animals or do the virtual dissection. In addition, the optional agreement must provide each student with a list of both the positive and negative facts about each option because not many students will know why they should choose one option over the other. This shows both a lack of awareness and education of the severity of animal experimentation. In order to allow the student to form their own opinion, they must be given the correct facts about both options. Plus, PETA provides a wonderful service that allows you to create your own leaflet (brochure) advocating an issue your concerned about so I would   start a campaign urging local high school students not to dissect animals, create leaflets for the students or download or  order PETA’s anti-dissection leaflets and then expand to my college. This issue greatly impacts my life now and in the future. Currently, I dissected a fetal pig last week and was told my juniors who are also majoring in biology, that I must also dissect a cat and human cadaver. I understand the person who died did not die for the purpose of being dissected and willing donated their body to science, unlike animals. If I had been informed of where the fetal pigs came from and if there was a virtual option available, I would have definitely chosen the virtual option. Therefore, I am comfortable dissecting the cadaver but not the cat or any other future animals for dissection. How to cite Animal Dissection, Papers

================================================== Essay Example For Students

================================================== Essay ==================== REPRODUCTION: A-Courting to Nature!LIFE SCIENCES SIG - For some time she had watched his movements, appearing coyly in his haunts. And now, had it paid off? Doubtless, he was in love. His muscles were taut; he swooped through the air more like an eagle than a Greylag gander. The only problem was, it was not for her that he then landed in a flurry of quacks and wingbeats, or for her that he dashed off surprise attacks on his fellows. It was, rather, for another for her preening rival across the Bavarian lake.Poor goose. Will she mate with the gander of her dreams? Or will she trail him for years, laying infertile egg clutches as proof of her faithfulness? Either outcome is possible in an animal world marked daily by scenes of courtship, spurning and love triumphant. And take note: these are not the imaginings of some Disney screen-16 writer. Decades ago Konrad Lorenz, a famed Austrian naturalist, made detailed studies of Greylags and afterwards showed no hesitation in using words like love, grief and even embarrassment to describe the behavior of these large, social birds. At the same time he did not forget that all romance animal and human is tied intimately to natural selection. Natural selection brought on the evolution of males and females during prehistoric epochs when environmental change was making life difficult for single-sex species such as bacteria and algae. Generally, these reproduced by splitting into identical copies of themselves. New generations were thus no better than old ones at surviving in an altered world. With the emergence of the sexes, however, youngsters acquired the qualities of two parents. This meant that they were different from both different and perhaps better at coping with tough problems of survival. At the same time, nature had to furnish a new set of instincts which would make parents out of such unreflective entities as mollusks and jellyfish.. The peacocks splendid feathers, the fireflys flash, the humpback whales resounding bellow all are means these animals have evolved to obey natures command: Find a mate. Transmit your characteristics through time! But while most males would accept indiscriminate mating, females generally have more on their minds. In most species, after all, they take on reproductions hardest chores such as carrying young, incubating eggs and tending newborns. Often they can produce only a few young in a lifetime. (Given half a chance, most males would spawn thousands.) So its no surprising that the ladies are choosy. They want to match their characteristics with those of a successful mate. He may flap his wings or join a hockey team, but somehow he must show that his offspring will not likely be last to eat or first in predatory jaws.Strolling through the Australian underbrush that morning, she had seen nothing that might catch a female bowerbirds eye. True, several males along the way had built avenue bowers twin rows of twigs lined up north and south. True, they had decorated their constructions with plant juices and charcoal. Yet they displayed nothing out front! Not a beetles wing. Not a piece of flower.Then she saw him. He stood before the largest bower and in his mouth held a most beautiful object. It was a powder blue cigarette package, and beneath it there glinted a pair of pilfered car keys. Without hesitation she hopped forward to watch his ritual dance. Males have found many ways to prove their worth. Some, like bowerbirds, flaunt possessions and territory, defending these aggressively against the intrusion of fellow males. Others, like many birds and meat-eating mammals, pantomime nest building or otherwise demonstrate their capacity as dads. Still others, however, do nothing. Gentlemen may bring flowers, but most male fish just fertilize an egg pile some unknown female has left in underwater sand. .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 , .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .postImageUrl , .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 , .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4:hover , .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4:visited , .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4:active { border:0!important; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4:active , .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4 .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua577b8bbc1d1a86134e63e60ab4396f4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: W.R.1 - Inquiry Activity Essay For a fish, survival itself is a romantic feat. For other species, though, love demands supreme sacrifices.Shortly after alighting on the back of his mate, the male praying mantis probably had no idea what was in store. This would have been a good thing too, because as he continued to fertilize his partners eggs, she twisted slowly around and bit off his head. She continued to put away his body parts until well nourished and thus more able to sustain her developing young. Luckily for most species, the urge to mate come on only occasionally, usually in springtime. For love can hurt, particularly if you intended has difficulty telling a mate from a meal. Pity the poor male of the spider species, Xysticus Cristatus, for instance. His only hope of survival is to tie a much larger female to the ground with silk thread, and keep her there.Every time a moth releases its attracting scent, or a bullfrog sings out its mating call, these animals are risking a blind date with some predator. Such alluring traits have long puzzled scientists, particularly those which seem not only risky but useless as well. Why, after all, should a frigate bird mate more if he puffs out an extra large red throat sac? How does ownership of such a thing indicate a superior individual? Until recently, the question stymied biologists, but then researchers in the U. S. and Sweden announced a possible answer. While studying widowbirds, among whom extravagant tail feathers are hip, they discovered that the longest-tailed males also carried a lower number of blood parasites. Sexual ornamentation seemed to be a means by which males could show of superfluous health and energy. All of which may bring us to fast sports cars, flashy clothes and other accessories of the human suitor. After all, if he can afford dinner at the citys most expensive restaurant, chances are he could finance a baby too.

Marketing Commodities Business and Services

Question: Describe about the Marketing Commodities for Business and Services. Answer: Introduction Marketing is the process of socializing the value of commodities and services to the customers with a target for selling the commodities and services. This process is quite vital procedure of business that concentrates on attracting the customers. If this functioning is appropriately planned and at the same time implemented properly then the firm can increase its sales, goodwill, brand, loyal customers, and profits. Now a day, business world desires to adopt every business in a workable marketing strategy as they can accomplished their aims and achieve high competitive benefits and at the same time could receive higher profits (Parker, 2016). Here, in this paper, the researcher has discussed the marketing strategy along with the marketing environment that presents the marketing analysis of Ecostore that aims to provide ecofriendly home care and beauty and personal care commodities. Company aims in proving its eco-friendly products to the environmentally friendly and aware consumers. The researcher has used different approaches and marketing strategy of Ecostore. This report discusses the marketing strategies like its products, customers, price, promotions; those are used by the company. And at last, the conclusion of the whole report has been provided that how and what strategies have been adopted by the company. Background and Positioning of Ecostore According to the website of Ecostore, the major aim of their business is to provide ecofriendly goods to the environmentally aware customers. The company was started by Malcolm Rands along with his wife Meanie in an eco-village in New Zealand. The company was founded in the year 1993. Malcolm Rands has always used sustainable and organic products in their layout but found that they are still very much exposed to toxic chemicals via cleaning products and body care products they are applying (Robin, 2003). Ecostore is a proud New Zealand Company, which is manufacturing its products in Auckland that are healthier for people and the environment. The Company first started its work on the laundry products with a commitment that their products would work as good as mainstream brands without creating any side effects. The commitment of the company still continues to today and still always examine the safety of an ingredient to the health of the people and to the environment. As the number of consumers grows, Ecostore went to Freemans Bay and opened its first retail store (Jackson, 2014). The company increased its products range that includes household cleaners, body and baby care commodities in 2005. The company got launched in the supermarkets of New Zealand in year the 2002, Australia in 2004, and in the United States in the year, 2009. In Ecostore, sustainable practices are all about to assured their business that remains viable and gives lasting advantages to the society and on environmental aspects. The firms approach to environmental strategy is accordance to the vigorous verification as well as regulation of material risks across entire phases of its business which begins from exploration to growth (Reinforcing sustainable practices by sharing cases of appropriation, 2013). The management of the company associates with all shareholders and apply their perspective in the decision-making within the company. The company owns and executes varieties of the products within different nations. The firms marketing environment includes the forces outside marketing which has impacts on marketing managements potentiality for establishing and maintaining accomplish transactions through its aimed consumers. The ranges of Ecostore are now over 100 products and have massive formulation and design makeover. The company was rebranded in the year 2012 and becomes more effective. For the successful management of the firm, it operates in a workforce that signifies its principles, values and the communities in which it functions. The company aims to recruit from its host societies to attract people who are committed to the accomplishment of the company as well as a flourish on performing in high performing groups (Skinner, 2002). The company is committed to developing the abilities and talents of its management. Ecostore now operates in over 100 products in New Zealand and is available in 900 supermarkets of Australia, Korea, Singapore, USA and many others. Sustainable Practices of Ecostore Sustainable practices rely on biodiversity along with its aligned ecosystem services like air and water. Today, competition for land and water resources is growing day by day and also there increases concentration from policy makers and various shareholders that effectively handle all these resources (Verbeek and Mommaas, 2008). In order to avoid environmental affects and at the same time to protect and safe environment, Ecostore has committed to environmental obligations which include that the company will not produce any product that can have a harmful effect on the environment. Ecostore is the only small and medium sized enterprise that is among the top five brands with ecofriendly results, along with the major companies like, Toyota and the Body Shop. The sustainable practices depend on the companys potentiality for obtaining a relevant quantity and quality of water (Bohannon, 2007). The CEO of the Ecostore Malcolm Rande stated that the ability of the company to stand out with hu ge brands in environmental products demonstrates the company determined to focus on providing healthier products and winning more customers. Ecostore, which was founded in the year 1993, was not only for providing products that are better for the environment but also for the health of peoples. Sustainability has been at the core of the company prospectus and objectives. The subject of the company regarding the sustainability is eco-friendly since its initiation. Malcolm Randes expresses that sustainability is a passion for their company and also works as a guide to it. The management of the Ecostore always ensures that the practices of sustainability get applied in the manufacturing process of the products (Rutkauskas, 2012). The Company also ensures that the practices are also involved in the selection procedures of suppliers, packaging, and other features of the business that includes staff management and the involvement of community. Eighty percent of the human population wants to buy products from organizations that are environmentally and socially responsible. Respondents of a research conveyed that the issue of sust ainability effects their choices or brand. Ecostore wants their consumers to look and examine critically the products they choose. The company regularly asks for feedback and response from its buyers, so that it could find some aided ways to enhance their products and service quality (Thiele, 2013). Company also identifies opportunities to educate the consumers on sustainability. . Marketing Strategy of Ecostore The marketing strategy of any company involves the examination of the market, and the question of which product to offer and what range of customers would be suitable for that price group. Ecostore has decided that there is a range of eco-friendly products demands due to continues pollution across the world (Robinson, 2012). Company marketing strategy involves the owning and operating the range of products that are only diversified with the tag of being environmental friendly. The strategy of the company has remained unchanged from the decade which has enabled it to gain superior margins throughout the economic and commodity cycles. Ecostore has always utilized a disciplined approach which has now become its proven strategy (Goodall, 2012). The strategy of the company thus allows it invest and grow their businesses throughout the economic cycles that have delivered them with strong relation with their shareholders. Some of the marketing strategy used by Ecostore has been mentioned be low: Ecostore main products, services, suppliers and customers Ecostore offers a wide range of commercial and health products. The company works in the field of Laundry, Dish wash; Home care products like hand and body wash products, skin and hair care products, baby and ultra-sensitive products. These products of the company are of good quality and always satisfy their customers. The suppliers and contractors list of this company also ranges in numbers. The company gets supply of its raw materials from major organization across the globe. Ecostore offers substitute products compare to other harsh products that are available at the retailers shop. The target audience for the Ecostore is that range or group of customers that have positive thinking regarding the eco-friendly products. The company also aims in targeting those females who dont want to affect their body and families from products that are made of toxic chemicals (Huang, Liang and Yi, 2015). As eighty percent of the people want sustainable products, the second target audience for the company is the females between the age group of 35-55. Ladies of these age bar are conscious about their family and environment and always chooses the best environmentally friendly products. Pricing Strategy of Ecostore Pricing strategy is one of the most important elements needed for the success of the company. It is directly related to the product positioning and is an important strategic issue. It is the strategy used by firms to attract customers into their company. Ecostore has a diverse range of opportunities in the todays world and also has the strength and flexibility to pursue these opportunities (Huang, Liang and Yi, 2015). The Company has implemented the strategy of safe productivity and quality assets to preserve the margins and for releasing stronger cash flows. Promotional strategy used by Ecostore Promotion means raising awareness among the customers of a certain product in order to generate sales and to create brand loyalty. It is one of the elements of marketing mix and if the strategy is implied appropriately, then it can play an important role in accomplishing the objective of the firm. The company has approached on a strategy that focuses on the value chain and developing cash returns to the shareholders. The company has created its value in all market conditions (?in?era et al., 2014). The company tremendously achieved growth after it started to sell eco-friendly products to consumers. The company has managed to create a reputed image before the people. The company is always focusing in emphasizing and characterizing the acquisition, mainly the influences of the products in the environment. The company has gained market share in the eco-friendly industry and has now become the market leader in the file of the eco-friendly products. Distribution strategy of Ecostore The foremost strategy of Ecostore is to own and operate large, low-cost and expandable assets that are distinguished by commodity, geography, and market. The strategies have made it imply more predictable business performance that reinforces the creation of values for shareholders, and other stakeholders. As the company is founded on diversification, it has recruited a workforce that reflects the values and the commodities in which it operates (Kim, Gi-Pyoung, 2010). The company aims in recruiting mostly from the host communities so that it can attract more calibre and capable individuals who are committed to the success of the organization. Ecostore is committed to developing the skills and talents of its workforce, and this makes the company look different from its competitors. Comparison of marketing mix between Ecostore and Earth Choice In order to meet worlds requirement for eco-friendly products is now the domain of the management of the Ecostore. One of major rival of Ecostore in terms of sell and revenue is another eco-friendly products manufacturer, namely, Earths Choice. The company has got an overall satisfaction rate of eighty percent in comparison to Ecostore, which got only seventy-five percent. Both the company has positive remarks in terms of cleanliness and environmental friendliness products (Kim, Gi-Pyoung, 2010). The average price for the laundry product of the Earth Choice is 6.65kg that is relatively lower than the price of Ecostore which is 8.35/kg. Another major competitor that wins over Ecostore in terms of price is Omo, which is a mainstream laundry brands and cost 6/kg for laundry products. SWOT Analysis of Ecostore Strengths- The foremost strength of the company is its environmental friendly products. This indicates to a point that the target market of the company would also the people who are eco-friendly. Another major strength of the company is that customers are getting satisfaction with its products. The sustainability programs of the company have been very positive in attracting customers towards the product which are ecofriendly. Strength of the company is its expansion in the range of products and high brand loyalty (Kim, Gi-Pyoung, 2010). The company has also expanded its e-commerce activities that have helped the company in getting more customers. Weakness- one of the foremost weaknesses of Ecostore is that the company has not yet managed to get number of layouts in the list developed countries except Australia. Many products of the company are at the verge of decline. Company also lacks expertise in advertising and many of its rivals just grab the market from their unique advertisement style. Opportunities- the world is now against the use of animal products, and as the products of Ecostore are eco-friendly it will surely gain more consumers. Ecostore has also the opportunity to expand its ecofriendly products program that will increase the awareness of organic and eco-friendly products to the people (Kim, Gi-Pyoung, 2010). Company can also expand its market through the medium of online sell, as there has continues increase in terms of online buyers. Threats- The major threat for the company is the shrinking and unstable economic condition that influence the people awareness and make them buy cheap and unhygienic products. Ecostore has also get tough competition in terms of body products as there are many rival companies that are also producing quality products. Another major threat for Ecostore is the risks of material supply. Conclusion and Recommendation From the above report, it has been concluded that in Ecostore, sustainable practices is all about assured their business that remains viable and gives lasting advantages to the society, environmental aspects. The firms approach to environmental strategy is accordance to the vigorous verification as well as regulation of material risks across entire phases of its business which begins from exploration to growth. The strategy of Ecostore is to own and execute broad, lower cost assets spread by market, commodity and to provide ecofriendly products. Their strategy has remained unmodified which has allowed them to give superior limits all over economic and product cycle for much more years (Esty and Winston, 2006). The study also identifies that Company can also expand its market through the medium of online sell, as there has continues increase in terms of online buyers. It also demonstrates that Ecostore is committed to developing the skills and talents of its workforce, and this makes the company look different from its competitors. Ecostore has implied various principles for their manufacturing and management practices that include the morals like developing products that are safer for the environment and are guaranteed to give better results than the ordinary market products. In order to avoid environmental effects and at the same time to protect and safe environment, Ecostore has committed to environmental obligations which include that the company will not use any of the toxic chemicals that are harmful for humankind and for environment. The firm also develops principles and values in their Environment GLD for guiding their business in developing compensatory actions. The company should look for its current issues and threats and need to make strategies according to it for gaining a competitive advantage over its competitors. Ecostore needs to implement various strategies in the form of acquisition, mergers, and joint venture to increase its market. The company should also advertise more and should also extend their market to the men. References Bohannon, J. (2007). Guiding Countries and Companies to Sustainable Practices. Science. ?in?era, J., Stejskal, J., Mach, M. and Lupa?, M. (2014). Organic food is fertilised at night: Why people (do not) buy environmentally friendly products. Envigogika, 9(1). Esty, D. and Winston, A. (2006). Green to gold. New Haven [Conn.]: Yale University Press. Goodall, C. (2012). Sustainability. London: Hodder Stoughton. Huang, C., Liang, W. and Yi, S. (2015). Cloud-based design for disassembly to create environmentally friendly products. J Intell Manuf. Jackson, T. (2014). Local Economy special edition on Australia and New Zealand: Commentary. Local Economy, 30(1), pp.5-11. Kim, Gi-Pyoung, (2010). A study on the CRM strategy for medium and small industry of distribution. journalofdistributionscience, 8(3), pp.37-47. Parker, M. (2016). Price-setting behaviour in New Zealand. New Zealand Economic Papers, pp.1-20. Reinforcing sustainable practices by sharing cases of appropriation. (2013). Archives of Design Research. Robin, L. (2003). Environmental Histories of New Zealand. New Zealand Geographer, 59(1), pp.67-68. Robinson, Z. (2012). Sustainability. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions. Rutkauskas, A. (2012). Using Sustainability Engineering to Gain Universal Sustainability Efficiency. Sustainability, 4(12), pp.1135-1153. Skinner, B. (2002). Marketing in the New Millennium:. Journal of Pharmaceutical Marketing Management, 13(2), pp.73-80. Thiele, L. (2013). Sustainability. Cambridge: Polity. Verbeek, D. and Mommaas, H. (2008). Transitions to Sustainable Tourism Mobility: The Social Practices Approach. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(6), p.629.

Definition and Examples of Cleft Sentences

Definition and Examples of Cleft Sentences In English grammar, a cleft is a construction in which some element in a sentence is moved from its normal position into a separate clause to give it greater emphasis. A cleft is also known as a  cleft sentence, a  cleft construction, and a  cleft clause. A  cleft sentence  is a sentence that is cleft (split) so as to put the focus on one part of it. The cleft sentence is introduced by  it, which is followed by a  verb phrase  whose main verb is generally  be. The focused part comes next, and then the rest of the sentence is introduced by a  relative pronoun, relative  determiner, or  relative adverb. If we take the sentence  Tom felt a sharp pain after lunch, two possible cleft sentences formed from it are  It was Tom who felt a sharp pain after lunch  and  It was after lunch that Tom felt a sharp pain. Take, for example, the simple declarative sentence, Jerry went to the movie yesterday. If you would want to emphasize one element or another, the sentence could be rewritten in several different ways: It was  Jerry  who went to the movie  yesterday.It was to the  movie  that Jerry went  yesterday.It was  yesterday  that Jerry went to the movie.   English has many different varieties of cleft constructions, but the two major types are it-clefts and wh-clefts.  Wh- clefts use  wh words, which is most often what in the construction. However, why, where, how, etc. are also possibilities. Examples and Observations It-Clefts It was only last month that  I decided to go back to school.It was my father who  sent Dyer out to proselyte.  It was my father who  had the blue-ice eye and the beard of gold.It was Roosevelt who impetuously blurted out the unconditional surrender ultimatum at a press conference in Casablanca, to the surprise of Winston Churchill, who was sitting at his side and who had no alternative but to nod approval. Wh-Clefts What I needed was a weapon. Other people, hitchhikers, told me they always carried a little something, a knife or a can of Mace, and Id laughed, thinking there was no greater weapon than the human mind. You idiot.Strange, but  what I really wanted was  a dad who would come down to the police station, ​yell his head off, and then take me home to talk about what happened, to come up with a new plan for how Id act in the future, etc. All the other guys had that. But not me. My dad left me alone in jail for the night. Sources Douglas Biber et al.,  Longman Student Grammar. Pearson, 2002George N. Crocker,  Roosevelts Road to Russia. Regnery, 1959David Crystal,  Making Sense of Grammar. Longman, 2004Zane Gray,  Riders of the Purple Sage, 1912Sidney Greenbaum,  Oxford English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1996David Sedaris,  Naked. Little, Brown Company, 1997Michael Simmons,  Finding Lubchenko. Razorbill, 2005

The Three Branches of American Government

The Three Branches of American Government In theory, the three branches of government serve to maintain the system of checks and balance, to prevent one branch from having more power, or too much power, than the others. This is to uphold Democracy and to prevent dictatorships and authoritarian government practices, to keep the country free, Capitalistic and Democratically fair to the people. The three branches making up the United States government are the Executive, Legislative and Judicial branches, as seen in the President, the Supreme Court, and Congress. To understand why things are done this way, it’s important to know a little about each branch, what it does and why it is important. This further assures the American citizen that they live in a country run, in theory, by the whole population who select people to represent them, their needs and their challenges. The President of the United States of America is not the only one running the show. For their time, for at least four years, they are essentially heading the Executive branch of the United States government. Though they are the commander-in-chief of the American military, the President does not have unlimited power to rule the country. The President is intentionally limited in power so as to prevent a regime, where a leader has complete control over every single government entity. The Vice President supports the president in various affairs as part of the Executive branch and becomes a liaison with the Senate. Cabinet members are also part of the Executive branch and assist the President in decision-making and other responsibilities. The President can veto some bills not passed by Congress, which means the President does have certain powers not shared by members of the other branches. The Supreme Court and its Justices make up the Judicial branch. They determine if certain laws work in correlation with the United States Constitution. The President nominates each Justice, and their positions have to first be approved by a majority of those in the Senate. The Judicial branch makes sure the country’s entire law-making system is done correctly, fairly and in the name of true and fair justice and Democracy. This branch sees that the country is run legally with respect to providing citizens their Constitutional rights. The Judicial branch has the power to decide if certain laws should be incorporated into the life of everyday Americans. Most recently, the Supreme Court Justices determined that Federal bans on same-sex marriages were unconstitutional. Once that bill passed and became a Federal law, individual states were able to vote to determine if they would allow same-sex marriages. And the Legislative branch, essentially the United States Congress, in many ways collectively chooses the country’s laws and what becomes part of the Constitution, which is always being amended to reflect today’s society, its people, and its needs, challenges, and limitations. The Senate and the House of Representatives make up the Legislative branch of the American government. The Senate has 100 members, exactly two from each of the 50 states; and the House of Representative has 435 members, representing the various districts of the American population (the most populous places get more representatives). Together, they determine if certain bills should be laws to protect the rights of the people. In conclusion, the three branches of the American government works – and this system has worked for more than 200 years. The system of checks and balances is by no means perfect, as seen in how President vetoes some bills that Congress is unwilling to pass. This, of course, creates mistrust among the various branches, in turn preventing effective cooperation between the departments of the government. Nonetheless, as time goes on, this system will evolve and will one day become the common way governments all around the world will run. It equates to happy citizens who make up a happy, successful and self-preserving society.